Bacterial profiling, sensitivity and resistance pattern of neonatal sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital

Shaunak Srivastav; Manisha Verma; Shaila Mitra; Gaurav Dwivedi

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20241350

Authors

Shaunak Srivastav Community Health Center, Kasia, Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
Manisha Verma Department of Pediatrics, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Shaila Mitra Department of Pathology, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Gaurav Dwivedi Indian Council of Medical Research, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20241350

Keywords:

Bacterial profiling, Sensitivity, Resistance pattern, Neonatal sepsis, Tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to identify the distribution of pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in the neonates admitted to the NICU of a tertiary care hospital in northern India.

Methods: After obtaining written informed consent, neonates with confirmed or suspected cases of neonatal sepsis (n=167) aged 0-28 days were included. As soon as the baby arrived, all the clothes were removed and kept in a pre-heated warmer. Before administering I/V antibiotics, all the routine and culture samples were taken. The clinical data were collected and analysed using SPSS.

Results: Most of the neonates were from lower middle class, out-born, LSCS, early preterm, and low birth weight (LBW). 167 neonates had culture-confirmed infections [blood culture positive (13.8%) and sepsis screen positive (86.2%)]. Gastric aspirate cytology was positive in 61.7% of patients. Maximum cytology-positive cases were seen in neonates with EOS. The most common risk factors were birth asphyxia. 142 individuals were discharged, with 72.5% diagnosed with EOS and 89% with LOS. There was a significant difference in gastric aspirate cytology when associated with expiry and discharge. Out of 167 neonates, 13.77% were culture-positive for neonatal sepsis. Out of 23 organisms, 82.6% were resistant, while, 17.4% were not. Staph aureus was the major causative organisms. Among the Gram Positive and Negative bacteria, the highest sensitivity was observed for imipenum. All gram-positive bacteria were resistant to cotrimazole, tobramycin, and erythromycin.

Conclusions: Implementation of effective preventive strategies to combat the emergence of antibiotic resistance is urgently needed.

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