Assessment of level of self esteem and perceived parenting style among school going adolescents in Puducherry:  a cross-sectional analytical study

Reshma Shahul Hamid; Vetriselvi Prabakaran; Periyasamy Kullamapoor

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20263805

Authors

Reshma Shahul Hamid Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
Vetriselvi Prabakaran Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
Periyasamy Kullamapoor Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20263805

Keywords:

Adolescents, Self-esteem, Parenting style, Authoritative parenting, Authoritarian parenting, Puducherry

Abstract

Background: Adolescence is a critical developmental period during which self-esteem and family relationships may influence psychosocial well-being. Parenting style contributes to the emotional climate in which adolescents develop. This study assessed self-esteem and perceived parenting styles and examined their associations among school-going adolescents in Puducherry.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 486 school-going adolescents aged 13-17 years from government and private higher secondary schools in urban and rural areas of Puducherry between September and October 2024. Participants were selected using stratified cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and a perceived parenting style scale. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and Pearson correlation were used.

Results: Most adolescents had moderate self-esteem (91.6%); 4.3% had low and 4.1% had high self-esteem. Authoritative parenting was the most commonly perceived style (53.5%), followed by authoritarian (34.2%) and permissive (12.3%). Self-esteem showed weak negative correlations with authoritative (r=-0.045; p=0.318) and authoritarian parenting (r=-0.027; p=0.555), and a weak positive correlation with permissive parenting (r=0.085; p=0.060); none was statistically significant. Type of school (p=0.009) and area of residence (p=0.022) were associated with self-esteem. Gender (p≤0.001), type of school (p=0.018) and area of residence (p=0.017) were associated with perceived parenting style.

Conclusions: Most adolescents had moderate self-esteem and perceived authoritative parenting as the predominant style. No statistically significant correlation was observed between self-esteem and perceived parenting style. Adolescent mental health programmes should consider family, school and community contexts.

Author Biographies

Reshma Shahul Hamid, Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India

Conceptualization, methodology, data collection, formal analysis, investigation, and writing of the original manuscript.”

Vetriselvi Prabakaran, Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India

Conceptualization, supervision, methodology, and review and editing of the manuscri

Periyasamy Kullamapoor, Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry, India

Methodology, data analysis, and review and editing of the manuscript

References

Baumrind D. Effects of authoritative parental control on child behavior. Child Dev. 1966;37(4):887-907.

Aremu TA, John-Akinola YO, Desmennu AT. Relationship between parenting styles and adolescents’ self-esteem. Int Q Community Health Educ. 2019;39(2):91-99.

Thapa N, Dewan S, Gaur P. A study to assess perceived parenting style and self-esteem among adolescents in selected schools of Belagavi city. J Health Educ Res Dev. 2023;11:096.

Abou Yassin W, Daoud S, Farhat N. Parenting styles and self-esteem: a study of Lebanese adolescents. Middle East J Res Educ Soc Sci. 2022;3(1):87-101.

Omkarappa DB, Rentala S. Anxiety, depression and self-esteem among children of alcoholic and non-alcoholic parents. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2019;8(2):604-9.

Chitra PS, Sukumaran A. Perceived impact of parenting style on self-esteem among early adolescents at selected schools, Ernakulam. Int J Nurs Educ. 2016;8(2):185-90.

Malik MA, Zamir S. Relationship between parenting styles and self-esteem among secondary school students. Int J Innov Res Multidiscip Field. 2016;2(7):54-9.

Pérez-Fuentes MC, Molero Jurado MM, Gázquez Linares JJ, Oropesa Ruiz NF, Simón Márquez MM, Saracostti M. Parenting practices, life satisfaction, and the role of self-esteem in adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):4045.

D’Mello L. A study on self-esteem and academic performance among students. Int J Health Sci Pharm. 2018;2(1):1-7.

Mandal K, Das S, Datta K, Chowdhoury SR, Datta S. Relationship between parenting style and adolescent self-esteem. Int J Paediatr Nurs Sci. 2020;3(4):112-7.

Vasudeva B. Impact of parenting style on the self-esteem of adolescents. Int J Indian Psychol. 2022;10(3):91-100.

Moghaddam M, Rakhshani T, Assareh M, Validad A. Child self-esteem and different parenting styles of mothers: a cross-sectional study. Arch Psychiatry Psychother. 2017;19(3):37-42.

Aihie ON. Perceived parenting styles as correlates of self-esteem among adolescents in secondary schools. Int J Educ Benchmark. 2016;4:96-106.

Denwigwe CPA, Uche R. Parenting styles and self-esteem of secondary school students in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Eur J Soc Sci. 2020;59(4):441-8.

Yun BX, Tan T, Ng H. A quantitative study of the relationship between parenting style and adolescent self-esteem. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Psychology and Education. Amsterdam: Atlantis Press. 2019;103-8.

Yadav P, Shukla P, Padhi D, Chaudhury S. Perceived parenting style, psychological well-being, and emotional intelligence among adolescents. Indian J Psychiatry. 2021;30(1):S108-14.

Hayek J, Tueni M, Schneider F, de Vries H. Parenting style as a longitudinal predictor of adolescents’ health behaviors in Lebanon. Health Educ Res. 2021;36(1):100-15.

Henke TM, Stolz HE, Barber BK. Adolescent religiosity and perceptions of parenting: relationships with adolescent antisocial behavior and prosocial behavior. J Adolesc. 2011;34(1):125-35.