Association of maternal and perinatal factors with umbilical cord blood thyroid profile in newborns: a prospective observational study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20262956Keywords:
Cord blood TSH, Perinatal factors, Birth asphyxiaAbstract
Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a preventable cause of intellectual disability. Cord blood thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is widely used for newborn screening; however, several perinatal factors may influence TSH levels and increase false-positive results. Objectives were to evaluate the effect of maternal and perinatal factors on cord blood thyroid profiles in neonates.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 90 neonates. Cord blood samples collected at birth were analyzed for TSH levels. Maternal age, parity, gestational age, mode of delivery, weight of the baby, gender, and birth asphyxia were recorded. A student's t test, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05.
Results: The mean cord blood TSH level was 13.53±6.22 µIU/ml. Elevated TSH (>20 µIU/ml) was observed in 14.4% of neonates. Higher cord blood TSH levels were significantly associated with parity (p=0.010), mode of delivery (p<0.001), and birth asphyxia (p=0.006). Assisted vaginal delivery was associated with the highest mean TSH level (20.76 µIU/ml). Cord blood TSH levels were not significantly associated with maternal age, gestational age, birth weight, and gender.
Conclusions: Cord blood TSH is a useful screening test for CH. However, interpretation should be based on perinatal factors, mainly mode of delivery, parity, and birth asphyxia, to minimize false positive results and improve screening accuracy.
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