Etiological spectrum and clinical outcomes of paediatric patients with fever and hepatosplenomegaly: a retrospective study from a tertiary care center

Purushotham Seelam; G. M. Pranam; Usha Hirevenkanagoudar; Sanjeev Chetty

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20261537

Authors

Purushotham Seelam Department of Paediatrics, Navodaya Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur, Karnataka, India
G. M. Pranam Department of Paediatrics, Navodaya Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Usha Hirevenkanagoudar Department of Paediatrics, Navodaya Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Sanjeev Chetty Department of Paediatrics, Navodaya Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20261537

Keywords:

Fever, Hepatosplenomegaly, Infections, Etiology, Retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Fever with hepatosplenomegaly is a common presentation in children. Etiologies range from infectious, hematological, malignancies and storage disorders. Early identification of underlying cause is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A hospital based retrospective observational study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur for a duration of 6 months with sample size of 150. Children from 1 month - 18 years of age with medical records including laboratory tests indicating both fever and hepatosplenomegaly on clinical or radiological examination were included.

Results: The most common etiology was infectious (65%) including malaria (34.02%), dengue (28.88%), and enteric fever (19.58%), followed by hematological disorders (24.66%) and congestive (8%). Mean age was between 1 month and 5 years of age years (46%), with slight male predominance (58%).

Conclusions: Infections are the leading cause of fever with hepatosplenomegaly in children. A structured diagnostic approach can aid in early identification of serious conditions like leukemia or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

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