Neurodevelopmental outcomes in high-risk infants at 12 months: a prospective observational study from Western India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20252600Keywords:
High-risk infants, DASII, Prematurity, Developmental delay, India, Neonatal outcomeAbstract
Background: Objectives of the study were to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months corrected age in high-risk neonates using developmental assessment scales for Indian infants (DASII) and correlate findings with neonatal morbidities.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Rajkot, India, involving 88 high-risk infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). After discharge, follow-up was done at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months corrected age. Developmental assessments (DASII), brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) for hearing, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening were performed. The primary outcome of the study was the proportion of high-risk infants with neurodevelopmental delay at 12 months corrected age, as assessed by the DASII, specifically focusing on mental and motor developmental quotients (MeDQ and MoDQ) <70.
Results: Of 88 infants, 76 completed follow-ups. Developmental delay was seen in 31.6%. MeDQ <70 in 14.5%, MoDQ <70 in 21.1%, any degree of hearing loss in 25%, and ROP requiring treatment in 2.6%. Prematurity, sepsis, and hypoglycaemia were key morbidities associated with poor outcomes.
Conclusions: High-risk infants remain vulnerable to neurodevelopmental delays. Early screening and structured follow-up are essential in Indian settings.
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