Late-onset maple syrup urine disease triggered by human herpesvirus-6 mediated encephalopathy in a toddler

Authors

  • Ashini Panchal Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  • Christopher T. Watterson Department of Radiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • Jack Green Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20241685

Keywords:

Maple syrup urine disease, Metabolic crisis, Human herpesvirus-6

Abstract

Metabolic crisis should always be on the differential diagnosis of a toddler presenting with focal neurologic signs and refractory ketoacidosis. Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency in the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex that leads to toxic buildup of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Classically diagnosed in the neonatal period (especially with the advent of newborn screening), our patient is a rare case of a previously healthy toddler with late-onset or intermittent MSUD triggered by human herpesvirus-6 and a fasting state. Though MSUD as a diagnosis is incredibly rare beyond the neonatal period, prompt recognition and treatment can be life-saving and lead to good outcomes.

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References

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Published

2024-06-26

How to Cite

Panchal, A., Watterson, C. T., & Green, J. (2024). Late-onset maple syrup urine disease triggered by human herpesvirus-6 mediated encephalopathy in a toddler. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 11(7), 969–972. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20241685

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Section

Case Reports