Case series of hand foot mouth disease in children
Keywords:
HFMD, Exanthema, EnanthemaAbstract
Hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious disease caused by human enteroviruses. A total of 27 cases of age group 8 months to 10 years, presented with symptoms like skin rash, mouth ulcers, sore throat, fever, cough, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The exanthemas were erythematous maculopapular with few vesicles and enanthems in buccal mucosa, palate and tongue. The treatment of this disease is symptomatic and proper personal hygiene. It is important to establish right diagnosis to avoid epidemics.
Metrics
References
Robinson CR. Report of an outbreak of febrile illness with pharyngeal lesions and exanthem, Toronto, summer 1957 - isolation of group A Coxsackie virus. Can Med Assoc J. 1958;79(8):615-21.
Alsop J, et al. Hand, foot and mouth disease in Birmingham in 1959. Br Med J. 1960;2(5214):1708-11.
Evans AD, Waddington E. Hand, foot and mouth disease in South Wales, 1964. Br J Dermatol. 1967;79(6):309-17.
Magoffin RL, et al. Vesicular stomatitis and exanthema - a syndrome associated with Coxsackie virus, type A16. Journal Am Med Assoc. 1961;175:441-5.
Miller GD, Tindall JP. Hand, foot and mouth disease. J Am Med Assoc. 1968;203(10):827-30.
Chang LY, King CC, Hsu KH et al. Risk factors of enterovirus 71 infection and associated hand, foot, and mouth disease/herpangina in children during an epidemic in Taiwan. Pediatr. 2002 Jun;109(6):e88.
Thomas I, Janniger CK. Hand, foot, and mouth disease. Cutis. 1993 Nov;52(5):265.
Clarke SKR, et al. Hand, foot and mouth disease. Br Med J. 1964;1:58.
Flewett TH et al. Hand, foot and mouth disease associated with Coxsackie A5 virus. J Clin Pathol. 1963 Jan;16(1):53-5.
McMinn P, Stratov I, Nagarajan L, Davis S. Neurological manifestations of enterovirus 71 infection in children during an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Western Australia. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Jan;32(2):236-42.
Tsao KC, Chang PY, Ning HC, et al. Use of molecular assay in diagnosis of hand, foot and mouth disease caused by enterovirus 71 or coxsackievirus A16. J Virol Methods. 2002 Apr;102:1-2.
Hurwitz S. The exanthematous diseases of childhood. In: Hurwitz, eds. Clinical Pediatric Dermatology: A Textbook of Skin Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1993: 359-361.
Saoji VA. Hand, foot and mouth disease in Nagpur. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2008;741:133-5.
Thomas J. Hand foot and mouth disease: an overview. E J Indian Soc Teledermatol. 2009;3:1-5.
Rao PK, Veena KM, Jagadishchandra H, Bhat SS, Shetty SR. Hand foot and mouth disease - changing Indian scenario. Int J Dent Case Rep. 2011;1:29-33.
