A study of etiopathogenesis, clinical and laboratory profile evaluation of typhoid fever in paediatric age group in Bijapur

Abstract

Background: Salmonella typhi causes typhoid illness. In India, it is a huge public health issue. Several impoverished nations have endemic typhoid fever. The wide range of clinical symptoms of typhoid fever makes diagnosis difficult. The purpose of this study was to better understand the vast range of clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and drug sensitivity patterns associated with typhoid fever in children.

Methods: From March 2021 to October 2022, 100 children hospitalised to the paediatric unit at Al-Ameen Medical College and Hospital in Bijapur with proven typhoid fever were included in the study. Age, gender, presenting complaint, laboratory tests, and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are all gathered and analysed in each patient.

Results: There were 58 men (58%) and 42 females (42%) among the 100 cases. The most typical age range was 5 to 15 years. Fever was the most prevalent symptom, occurring in 100% of patients, headache (80%), coated tongue (100%), vomiting (45%), and abdominal pain (70%). In 68% of cases, the most prevalent indication was a toxic look, and hepatomegaly in 44%. In 28% of instances, leukocytopenia was discovered. In every case, the blood culture proved positive. The length of hospital stay ranged from 3 to 10 days. There was no recorded death.

Conclusions: Unhygienic habits and consuming meals from the outside are the main causes of typhoid fever. By raising people's understanding of disease transmission and its many preventative methods, this serious public health issue can be resolved.