Secondary attack rate among high-risk contacts of COVID-19 paediatric index cases: a study at the beginning of the pandemic in Pune city of Western Maharashtra, India

Authors

  • Ganesh R. Jagadale Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1332-3434
  • Muralidhar P. Tambe Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Yallapa Jadhav Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Pradip S. Borle Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Malangori A. Parande Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Minal Hatnapure Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Priyanka Salunke Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Pradnya Shinde Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Apeksha Paunikar Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  • Arundhati Galande Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20214529

Keywords:

COVID -19, Maharashtra, Pediatrics, Secondary attack rate

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 was the emerging disease caused by SARS-COV2. Efficient transmission of this disease occurs through droplets and fomites. The susceptibility of children to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and transmission of COVID-19 from children to others is a relatively unexplored area. The aim of this study was to understand the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children. Study objectives were to estimate secondary attack rate of COVID-19 from paediatric index case during the early phase of pandemic in Pune city and to identify factors associated with transmission and development of the COVID-19 disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the month of June 2020. The sample includes 58 contacts of 11 laboratory confirmed pediatric index cases of COVID-19 from Pune municipal corporation after written informed consent. A confidential telephonic interview of parents was taken by using a prestructured questionnaire which includes socio-demographic data, family background, type of house, development of symptoms, outcome etc.

Results: The mean age of primary pediatric case was 12.7±5.1 years. All of them were symptomatic. The SAR estimated was 55.2%. The factors significantly affecting SAR were comorbidity, no. of family members, type of family, overcrowding, no. of rooms, bedroom attached with toilet.

Conclusions: The household SAR from paediatric patients is high and is closely associated with family size and other household characteristics. Hence, home quarantine should be advocated in smaller families with appropriate isolation facilities; more emphasis is given to co-morbid individuals.

Author Biographies

Ganesh R. Jagadale, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Associate Professor

Muralidhar P. Tambe, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

COMMUNITY MEDICINE

Yallapa Jadhav, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune

Pradip S. Borle, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune

Malangori A. Parande, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune

Minal Hatnapure, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt.
Medical College, Pune

Priyanka Salunke, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt.
Medical College, Pune

Pradnya Shinde, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune

Apeksha Paunikar, Department of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Dept. Of Community Medicine, B.J. Govt. Medical College, Pune

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Published

2021-11-23

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Original Research Articles