The pattern of admission and outcome of neonates managed in the neonatal intensive care unit in a Sudanese hospital

Authors

  • Safaa A. M. Ahmed Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan
  • Mohammed A. O. Ali Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan
  • Esraa A. A. Mahgoub Department of Community Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
  • Mohammed Nimir Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, England Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, England
  • Elfatih M. Malik Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20211068

Keywords:

Neonates, Neonatal intensive care unit, Sudan, Neonatal mortality, Neonatal morbidity

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the admission pattern and outcome of neonates managed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a Sudanese hospital.

Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study was conducted in the NICU of Saad Abu Elella Teaching Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. Data was collected from medical records of 207 neonates using an extraction form. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used in analysis.

Results: Most of the neonates were term, and 43% of them had a birth weight less than 2.5 kg. Moreover, the most common morbidities among them were sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice and asphyxia, and the mortality rate was 15%. Additionally, the birth weight, gestational age, the need for resuscitations, direct breast feeding and being beside mother were found to be significantly associated with the studied outcome.

Conclusions: Majority of causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in our study were preventable diseases. Therefore, interventions to improve services in the NICU are highly needed to improve the outcomes.

References

Roberts I. Nelson’s textbook of pediatrics (20th edn.), by R. Kliegman, B. Stanton, J. St. Geme, N. Schor (eds). Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47(10):1364-5.

Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J, Team LNSS. 4 million neonatal deaths: when? Where? Why? Lancet. 2005;365(9462):891-900.

Estimation UNIG for CM, Hug L, Sharrow D, Danzehn Y, Hereward M, Zhang Y. Levels & trends in child mortality : report 2019 : estimates developed by the. 2019; Available at: https://www.unicef.org/reports/levels-and-trends-child-mortality-report-2019. Accessed on: 24 January 2021.

Ml S, Oumer A, Mt I. Assessment of Reason for Admission and Factors Associated with their Treatment outcome of Neonates in Dil Chora Referral Hospital, Eastern, Ethiopia: Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Record Review . J Neona Stud. 2018;1(1):103.

World Health Organization. World health statistics 2020: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2020. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/332070. Accessed on: 24 January 2021.

Hug L, Alexander M, You D, Alkema L. National, regional, and global levels and trends in neonatal mortality between 1990 and 2017, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis. LANGLO Lancet Glob Heal. 2019;7(6):710-20.

Elhassan EM, Hassanb AA, Mirghani OA, Adam I, Estimation UNIG for CM, Hug L, et al. The health of the people : what works : the African regional health report 2014. J Neonatal Stud 1 103 Abstr Keywords Neonatal Admiss. 2019;5(10):710-20.

Feng Y. Causes of death in neonatal intensive care units. Aust Med Student J. 2011;41-3.

Elhassan E, Hassanb A, Mirghani O, Adam I. Morbidity and Mortality Pattern of Neonates Admitted into Nursery Unit in Wad Medani Hospital, Sudan. Sudan J Med Sci. 2010;5(1):1-5.

Shirazi H, Riaz S, Mahmood RA. Morbidity and Mortality Pattern of Newly Born Babies in a Teaching Hospital. 2015;19(3):204-8.

Ali SR, Ahmed S, Lohana H. Disease patterns and outcomes of neonatal admissions at a secondary care hospital in Pakistan. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013;13(3):418-21.

Hussain S. Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Pattern in a Tertiary Care Neonatal Unit of a Teaching Hospital. Ann Pak Inst Med Sci. 2014;10(1):7-11.

Sridhar PV, Thammanna PS, Sandeep M. Morbidity Pattern and Hospital Outcome of Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital , Mandya. 2015;3(6):3-6.

Zeinalzadeh AH, Khodaei R, Heidarzadeh M, Mirnia K. Causes of neonatal mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit of taleghani hospital. Iran J Neonatol. 2017;8(3):58-61.

Girma A, Fentahun D, Mahlet A, Gizaw A, Tigabu Z. Medicine and Therapeutics. Pediatr Health. 2017;57-64.

Seboka J, Aberab AM, Rebituc AD. Pattern of Admission and Outcome of Neonate Admitted to Adama Hospital Medical College Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Adama, Ethiopia. Int J Sci Basic Appl Res. 2018;42(1).

Quinn C, Sivasubramaniam P, Blevins M, Hajajra A, Taleb A, Khuri-Bulos N, et al. Risk factors for neonatal intensive care unit admission in Amman, Jordan. East Mediterr Heal J. 2016;22(3):163-74.

Sackey AH, Tagoe LG. Admissions and mortality over a 5-year period in a limited-resource neonatal unit in Ghana. Ghana Med J. 2019;53(2):117-25.

Seid SS, Ibro SA, Ahmed AA, Olani Akuma A, Reta EY, Haso TK, et al. Causes and factors associated with neonatal mortality in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, South West Ethiopia. Pediatr Health Med Ther. 2019;10:39-48.

Thomson J, Schaefer M, Caminoa B, Kahindi D, Hurtado N. Improved neonatal mortality at a district hospital in Aweil, South Sudan. J Trop Pediatr. 2017;63(3):189-95.

Omoigberale AI, Sadoh WE, Nwaneri DU. A 4 year review of neonatal outcome at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. Niger J Clin Pract. 2010;13(3):321-5.

Afrasiabi N, Mohagheghi P, Kalani M, Mohades G, Farahani Z. The effect of high risk pregnancy on duration of neonatal stay in neonatal intensive care unit. Iran J Pediatr. 2014;24(4):423-8.

Verma J, Anand S, Kapoor N, Gedam S, Patel U. Neonatal outcome in new-borns admitted in NICU of tertiary care hospital in central India : a 5-year study. 2018;5(4):1364-7.

Zurmure DHADS. Morbidity & Mortality Profile of Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of District Hospital in Gadchiroli, Maharashtra: A Prospective Observational Study. Int J Sci Res. 2018;7(6):567-71.

Pal A, Batra S, Kaur J. A study of neonatal admission pattern and outcome from rural Haryana Original Research Paper Paediatrics A Study Of Neonatal Admission Pattern And Outcome From Rural Haryana. Glob J Res Anal. 2018;7:73-5.

Tekleab AM, Amaru GM, Tefera YA. Reasons for admission and neonatal outcome in the neonatal care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Addis Ababa: a prospective study. Res Reports Neonatol. 2016;17.

Shining a spotlight on maternal and neonatal sepsis: World Sepsis Day 2017. 2017. Available at: https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/maternal_perinatal/world-sepsis-day/en/ Accessed on: 24 December 2020.

Amare D, Mela M, Dessie G. Unfinished agenda of the neonates in developing countries: magnitude of neonatal sepsis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon. 2019;5(9):e02519.

Mukhtar-yola M, Iliyasu Z. A reviewof neonatal morbidity and mortality in Aminu KanoTeaching Hospital, northern Nigeria. Trop Doct. 2007;37(3):130-2.

Ekwochi U, Ndu IK, Nwokoye IC, Ezenwosu OU, Amadi OF, Osuorah DIC. Pattern of morbidity and mortality of newborns admitted into the sick and special care baby unit of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu state. Niger J Clin Pract. 2014;17(3):346-51.

Hanson C, Singh S, Zamboni K, Tyagi M, Chamarty S, Shukla R, et al. Care practices and neonatal survival in 52 neonatal intensive care units in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional study. PLoS Med. 2019;16(7):1-20.

Olusanya BO, Kaplan M, Hansen TWR. Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia: a global perspective. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal. 2018;2(8):610-20.

Osman MO, Nur AM, Nour TY, Hashi MH. Prevalence and Causes of Neonatal Mortality Among Neonates Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Sultan Hassan Yabare Referral Hospital, East Ethiopia 2019. 2020;9(1):11-7.

Karimi P, Mahmudi L, Azami M, Badfar G. Mortality in neonatal intensive care units in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Neonatol. 2019;10(3):70-80.

Feng Y, Abdel-latif ME, Bajuk B, Lui K, Oei JL, Intensive N. Causes of death in infants admitted to Australian neonatal intensive care units between 1995 and 2006. 2013;17-23.

Eventov-friedman AS. Neonatal End-of-Life Care : A Single-Center NICU Experience in Israel Over a Decade. 2015;131(6).

Mengesha HG, Sahle BW. Cause of neonatal deaths in Northern Ethiopia : a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2017;1-8.

Downloads

Published

2021-03-23

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles