Association of blood group with severity of dengue in a tertiary care hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20210122Keywords:
AB blood group, Blood group, Dengue, SeverityAbstract
Background: The dengue viruses belong to the family of Flaviviridae family and are arboviruses. One of the genetic factors influencing the severity is HLA antigen and ABO blood group.
Methods: This was a prospective study conducted during July 2018 to May 2019 in the department of pediatrics of KIMS hospital, Bengaluru. Children between 0-18 years of age were included. The dengue serology, hemogram and blood group of these patients was investigated and compared with the severity of illness.
Results: It was found that the distribution of blood groups among cases and controls were similar. However blood group O was slightly more susceptible to dengue infection (54%) than its distribution in general population (41%). In patients with primary infection, blood group O presented with milder forms of dengue (52.43%) as compared to distribution in general population (41.46%). A higher percentage of AB blood group presented as severe forms of dengue (11.63%) as compared with general population (7.32%). In patients with secondary infection, similar findings were observed. Interestingly, no cases of AB blood group presenting with secondary dengue had only mild symptoms and always presented with warning signs (0% incidence) or severe dengue.
Conclusions: Dengue infection is prevalent in most parts of India with severe forms having high mortality. This study concludes that although the incidence of dengue fever is higher in children with blood group O, AB blood group is associated with severe forms of dengue, especially in secondary infections.
References
World Health Organization. Dengue. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2004.
Hadinegoro S. The revised WHO dengue case classification: does the system need to be modified? Paediatrics Int Child Health. 2012;32:33-8.
Ganeshkumar P, Murhekar MV, Poornima V, Saravanakumar V, Sukumaran K, Anandaselvasankar A. Dengue infection in India: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. PLoSNegl Trop Dis. 2018;12:e0006618.
Bhatt S, Gething PW, Brady OJ, Messina JP, Farlow AW, Moyes CL. The global distribution and burden of dengue. Nature. 2013;496:504‑7.
National vector borne disease control programme. Available at http://www.nvbdcp.gov.in/den‑cd.html Accessed on 02 October 2018.
Khode V, Ruikar K, Kabbin G. Association of ABO Rh blood group with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever: a case-control study. J Applied Hematol. 2013;4(4):145-8.
Pawitan JA. Dengue virus infection: predictors for severe dengue. Acta Med Indones. 2011;43(2):129-35.
Stephenson JR. The problem with dengue. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005;99:643‑6.
Greenwell P. Blood group antigens: Molecules seeking a function? Glycoconj J. 1997;14:159‑73.
Skripal IG. ABO system of blood groups in people and their resistance to certain infectious diseases (prognosis). Mikrobiol Z. 1996;58:102‑8.
Kaipainen WJ, Vuorinen YV. ABO blood groups in pernicious anaemia and pernicious tapeworm anaemia. Ann Med Exp Biol Fenn. 1960;38:212‑3.
Fry AE, Griffiths MJ, Auburn S, Diakite M, Forton JT, Green A, et al. Common variation in the ABO glycosyltransferase is associated with susceptibility to severe plasmodium falciparum malaria. Hum Mol Genet. 2008;17:567‑76.
Harris JB, Khan AI, LaRocque RC, Dorer DJ, Chowdhury F, Faruque AS, et al. Blood group, immunity, and risk of infection with vibrio cholerae in an area of endemicity. Infect Immun. 2005;73:7422‑7.
Jaff MS. Relation between ABO blood groups and Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic patients. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2011;4:221‑6.
Lokireddy S, Sarojamma V, Ramakrishna V. Genetic predisposition to chikungunya. A blood group study in chikungunya affected families. Virol J. 2009;6:77.
Kalayanarooj S, Gibbons RV, Vaughn D, Green S, Nisalak A, Jarman RG, et al. Blood group AB is associated with increased risk for severe dengue disease in secondary infections. J Infect Dis. 2007;195:1014‑7.
Parkin J, Cohen B. An overview of the immune system. Lancet. 2001;357:1777-89.
Chambers TJ, Hahn CS, Galler R, Rice CM. Flavivirus genome organization, expression, and replication. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1990;44:649‑88.
