Prevalence of obesity and its risk factors in school going adolescents of urban Bangalore, India

Vedavathy S.; Ganesh Kamath; . Sangamesh

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20161040

Authors

Vedavathy S. Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Ganesh Kamath Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
. Sangamesh Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20161040

Keywords:

Adolescent obesity, Body mass index, Family history, Sleep disturbances

Abstract

Background: Obesity, one of the most widespread and major problems affecting children and adolescents is of global nutritional concern. In last two decades, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in children and tripled in adolescents in United States of America. There is not enough data on the prevalence of obesity in adolescents in urban Bangalore. Hence the present study aims to fulfil this urgent requirement. Aims & objectives of the study were to study the prevalence of obesity and its risk factors in school going adolescents of urban Bangalore.

Methods: Observational study conducted in adolescents between the ages 11 to 19 years from the schools around Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore.

Results: The maximum number of adolescents in the present study belonged to the 14 years age group. Majority of the adolescents studied had a birth weight of 2.5 to 3.5 kg. 6.7% of the total adolescents had history of sleep disturbance. There was family history of hypertension in 19.4%, diabetes mellitus in 8.7%, obesity in 9.9% and cardiovascular diseases in 1.1% of the adolescents. The prevalence of obesity was 5.9%.

Conclusions: The overall prevalence of obesity is 5.9%, 4.2% girls and 6.9% boys are obese. Obese children were more likely to belong to higher socioeconomic strata; more obese children had mixed diet. Family histories of hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus were significant risk factors. Sleep disturbance was associated with obesity.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Styne DM. Childhood and adolescent obesity prevalence and significance. PCNA. 2001;48(5):823-54.

Must A, Jacques PF, Dallal GE, Bafema CJ, Dietz WH. Long term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents: a follow up of Harvard Growth study of 1922-1935. NEJM. 1992;327:1350-55.

Hill Jo and Trowbridge FL(Ed). Symposium on the causes and health consequence of obesity in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 1998;101:S497-574.

Deitz WH. Overweight in childhood and adolescence. NEJM. 2004;350:855-7.

Rebecca M. Evaluation and treatment of childhood obesity. American Family Physicians. 1999;59(4):861-71.

Fisher JA, Birch LL. Fat preferences and fat consumption of 3-5 year old children related to parenteral obesity.J Am Deit Assoc. 1995;95:759-64.

Jahns L, Siega-Riz A, Popkin B. The increasing prevalence of snacking among U.S. children from 1977 to 1996. J Pediatr. 2001;138:493-6.

Troiano RP, Flegal KM. Overweight Children and Adolescents. Description, Epidemology and Demographics. Peadiatrics. 1998;101(3):497-504.

Styne DM. Childhood and adolescent obesity. PCNA. 2001;48:823-7.

Physical status: The use and interpretation of Anthropometry- Report of a WHO expert committee, Geneva World Health organisation. 1995;263-308.

Agarwal KN, Saxena A, Bansal AK, Agarwal DK. Physical growth Assessment in Adolescence. Ind Pediatr. 2001;38:1217:35.

Kapil U, Singh P. Prevalence of obesity amongst

affluent adolescent school children in Delhi. Ind Pediatrics. 2002;39:449-52.

Sawaya AL, Dallal G, Solymos G, de Sousa MH, Ventura ML, Roberts SB, et al. Obesity and Malnutrition in a Shantytown Population in the City of São Paulo, Brazil. Obesity Research. 1995;3:107s-115s.

Sidhu S, Marwah G, Prabhjot. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among the affluent adolescent school children of Amritsar, Punjab. Coll Antropol. 2005;29(1):53-5.

Subramanyam V, Jayashree R, Mohd Rafi. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Affluent Adolescent Girls in Chennai in 1981 and 1988. Ind Ped. 2003;40:332-36.

Physical Activity, Nutrition and Allergies in Children Examined in Athens (PANACEA) study. Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Pediatrics International. 2008;50(4); 563-8.

Gupta NK. The Heartfelt Study, American Journal of Human Biology. 2002;14(6):762-768.

Dwyer JT, Tona EJ, Yang M. Prevalence of marked overweight and obesity in a multiethnic pediatric population findings from child and adolescent trial for cardiovascular health (CATCH). J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100:1149-56.

Sobal J, Stunkard AJ. Socioeconomic status and obesity: A review of the literature. Psychological Bulletin. 1989;105:260-75.

Strauss RS, Knight J. Influence of the home environment on the development of obesity in children. Pediatrics. 1999;101(6).

Hyattsville, Berkowitz RI, Stunkard AJ. National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States with socioeconomic status and health chartbook. Development of childhood obesity. In Wadden, & Stunkard (ed). Handbook of obesity treatment. 1998:515-31.

Sobal J, Stunkard AJ, (1989), Strauss RS, Knight J. (1999). Influence of the home environment on the development of obesity in children. Pediatrics, 101 (6); National Center for Health Statistics (1998). Health, United States with socioeconomic status and health chartbook. Hyattsville, MD.; Berkowitz, R.I. & Stunkard, A.J. (2002). Development of childhood obesity. In Wadden, & Stunkard (ed). Handbook of obesity treatment; pp. 515-531.

Neutzling MB. Risk factors of obesity among Brazilian adolescents. Public Health Nutrition. 2007;6(8):743-9.