Red cell distribution width as a prognostic marker in mechanically ventilated children admitted in pediatric critical care unit of tertiary care centre, India

Swati M. Gadappa; Manas Kumar Behera

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20183508

Authors

Swati M. Gadappa Department of Pediatrics, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Manas Kumar Behera Department of Pediatrics, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20183508

Keywords:

Critical care outcome, Mechanical ventilation, RDW

Abstract

Background: Paediatric population is a vulnerable group necessitating standard care for medically and surgically ill children. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple and low-cost measure that denotes the variability in red blood cell size. Any process that releases reticulocytes in the circulation will result in an increase in RDW. RDW may also be useful as a biomarker of disease severity and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all patients between 1month-12yrs of age, mechanically ventilated in Paediatric intensive care unit. Those patients with RDW on admission and complete data for PIM3 (Paediatric Index of Mortality 3) were included. Analyses included correlation, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results: Retrospective analysis of data on 93 consecutive critically ill children admitted in PICU was done between Jan 2015- June 2016. We noted statistically significant correlation between mortality and anemia (10.24 g/dL, SD 2.26; 8.78 g/dL, SD 2.60.p = 0.009), LOS on MV (p = 0.008), RDW (p = 0.002), shock (p = 0.004) and ventilator associated Pneumonia (p = 0.024). Mortality increased as length of stay on mechanical ventilation increased (4.13 days, SD 2.125 versus 6.94 days, SD 7.603 p = 0.008). The cut-off of 18.10 was chosen as Mean RDW. Based on AUROC, RDW is independently associated with high risk of mortality.

Conclusions: RDW measured within 24 hours of PICU admission was independently associated with length of stay on mechanical ventilation and mortality in a general PICU population. We recommend the need for multicentric, prospective longitudinal studies to determine the optimum utility of RDW to enhance decision making in PICU.

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