Prevalence and types of anemia among children at a tertiary care hospital

Bhaskar Reddy A.; V. Sharath Chandra; Zion Eluzai

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20182541

Authors

Bhaskar Reddy A. Department of Pediatrics, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
V. Sharath Chandra Department of Pediatrics, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
Zion Eluzai Department of Pediatrics, SVS Medical College, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20182541

Keywords:

Anemia, Deficiency prevalence, Morbidity

Abstract

Background: The anemic children tend to have average or below average academic performance due to effect of anemia on cognitive and behavioral aspect of the child. The objective of the study is to study prevalence and types of anemia among children at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A total of 6000 patients attended the outpatient department of the SVS hospital, Mahabubnagar during the study period. Out of them 1237 patients were pediatric patients who attended the pediatric outpatient department. Among these 1237 children, 823 children were found anemic. Among these 823 anemic children, 100 were randomly included in the present study for further investigations. Thus, final sample size of the present study was randomly selected 100 anemic children.

Results: The incidence of anemia was found to be very high i.e. 66.5%. It was found that the prevalence of anemia was 60.9% among females compared to only 39.1% among male children. The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher in females compared to males. In both males and females, the iron deficiency anemia was the most common type of anemia found in the present study. Maximum prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was seen in 1-5 years of age in females. Maximum prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was seen in 1-5 years of age in males. The most common grade of anemia was moderate grade followed by mild.

Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia is more prevalent in female children. In males also, it is not found to be very low. Its prevalence in males is also noticeable.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination Nutrition (ACC/SCN) 4TH Report on the world nutrition situation. Nutrition throughout the Life Cycle. Sub-Committee on Geneva: ACC/SCN; 2000

United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination Nutrition (ACC/SCN) 4TH Report on the world nutrition situation. Nutrition throughout the Life Cycle. Sub-Committee on Geneva: ACC/SCN; 2000.

Villalpando S, Shamah-Levy T, Ramírez-Silva CI, Mejía-Rodríguez F, Rivera JA. Prevalence of anemia in children 1 to 12 years of age. Results from a nationwide probabilistic survey in Mexico. Salud Publica Mex. 2003;45(4):S490-8

National Nutritional Anemia Prophylaxis Programme (NNCP) Policy on control of nutritional anemia. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India; 1970

Kotecha PV. Nutritional Anemia in Young Children with Focus on Asia and India. Indian J Community Med. 2011;36(1):8-16.

Jain N, Jain VM. Prevalence of anemia in school children. Medical Pract Rev. 2012;3:1-4.

Sudhagandhi B, Sundaresan S, William WE, Prema A. Prevalence of anemia in the school children of Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India. Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis. 2011;1:184-8.

Muoneke VU. Factors associated with mortality in under five children with severe anemia in Ebonyi, Nigeria. Indian Pediatr. 2012;49:119-23.

Bhoite RM, Iyer UM. Effect of de-worming versus IFA supplementation plus de-worming on growth, Hb level, physical work capacity of school children. Indian Pediatr. 2012;49:659-61.

Gera T, Sachdev HPS. Iron supplementation for improving mental development. Indian Pediatri. 2009;46:125-6.

Gilbert DL, Isaacs KM, Augusta M, Macneil LK, Mostofsky SH. Motor cortex inhibition: a marker of ADHD behavior and motor development in children. Neurol. 2011;76:615-21.

Jondhale JP, Snehalatha Reddy N, Nalwade VM. Prevalence of anemia among school going adolescent girls of Parbhani. Indian J of Nutr. 1999;36:268.

Balgir RS, Murnu B and Dash BP. Physical growth, health and nutritional status of the ashram school tribal children in Northern Orissa. Indian J Nutr Dietet. 1999;36:443B.

Vasanthi G, Fawashe AB, Susie H, Sujatha T, Raman L. Iron and nutritional status of adolescent girls from rural area and urban slum. Indian Pediatr. 1994;31:127-32.

Agarwal KN. Effectiveness of Nutrition education, Iron supplementation or both on Iron status in children. Indian Pediatr. 2003;40:1131-44.

Awasthietal S. Anemia and under-nutrition among preschool children in Uttar Pradesh, India. Indian Pediatr. 2003;40:985-90.