Iron deficiency anaemia and its association with febrile seizures

Ramesh M. Nigade; Dhairyashil V. Khambalkar

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181554

Authors

Ramesh M. Nigade Department of Paediatrics, D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
Dhairyashil V. Khambalkar Department of Paediatrics, D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181554

Keywords:

Febrile convulsions, Iron deficiency anemia

Abstract

Background: As reported by World Health Organization of total world’s population about 500 million to 2 billion people are deficient in iron. Iron deficiency is the most common hematological disease found in age group 6 months to 5 years. This age group generally coincides with the age group of occurrences of febrile seizures. Aim of this study was to study the role of iron deficiency in febrile seizures.

Methods: This cross sectional, observational study done in the Pediatrics department of D. Y. Patil Hospital and Research Centre. 170 children of age group between 6months to 5 years will be included in the study over a period of 24 months from May 2015 to May 2017, Presenting with simple and complex febrile seizures to the emergency department and Pediatrics ward of hospital.

Results: In the study the mean age of onset of febrile seizures is 21 months. Severity of anemia doesn’t have any correlation with occurrence of febrile seizures. Iron deficient in terms of low HB, low MCH, low MCV, high RDW, low serum Iron, high TIBC and low serum iron and TIBC ratio.

Conclusions: From the current hospital based observational study we have concluded that, iron deficiency anemia was more frequent among children with febrile seizures. The result suggests that iron deficiency anemia may be a risk factor for febrile seizures screening for IDA should be considered in children with febrile seizures. All the investigations (Sr Iron, TIBC) carried out to evaluate iron deficiency anemia were significantly lower. This suggests that iron deficient children are more prone for febrile seizures.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

McLean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D, De Benoist B. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO vitamin and mineral nutrition information system, 1993–2005. Public health nutrition. 2009 Apr;12(4):444-54.

Halliwell B. Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now?. J Neurochem. 2006 Jun 1;97(6):1634-58.

Idro R, Gwer S, Williams TN, Otieno T, Uyoga S, Fegan G, et al. Iron deficiency and acute seizures: results from children living in rural Kenya and a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2010;5(11):e14001.

Shinnar S, Berg AT, Moshe SL, O'dell C, Alemany M, Newstein D, et al. The risk of seizure recurrence after a first unprovoked afebrile seizure in childhood: an extended follow-up. Pediatr. 1996 Aug 1;98(2):216-25.

Derakhshanfar H, Abaskhanian A, Alimohammadi H, ModanlooKordi M. Association between iron deficiency anaemia and febrile seizure in children. Med Glas (Zenica). 2012 Aug 1;9(2):239-42.

Fallah R, Sabbaghzadegan S, Karbasi SA, Binesh F. Efficacy of zinc sulfate supplement on febrile seizure recurrence prevention in children with normal serum zinc level: A randomised clinical trial. Nutrition. 2015;31(11):1358-61.

Van-Landingham KE, Heinz ER, Cavazos JE, Lewis DV. Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of hippocampal injury after prolonged focal febrile seizures. Ann Neurol. 1998;43(4):413-26.

Nelson KB, Ellenberg JH. Prognosis in children with febrile seizures. Pediatr. 1978;61(5):720-7.

Forsgren L, Sidenvall R, Blomquist HK, Heijbel J. A prospective incidence study of febrile seizures. Acta Paediatrica. 1990;79(5):550-7.

Verity CM, Golding J. Risk of epilepsy after febrile seizures: a national cohort study. BMJ. 1991;303(6814):1373-6.

Pisacane A, Sansone R, Impagliazzo N, Coppola A, Rolando P, D'apuzzo A, et al. Iron deficiency anaemia and febrile seizures: case-control study in children under 2 years. BMJ. 1996;313(7053):343-4.

Vaswani RK, Dharaskar PG, Kulkarni S, Ghosh K. Iron deficiency as a risk factor for first febrile seizure. Indian Pediatr. 2010;47(5):437-9.

Waruiru C, Appleton R. Febrile seizures: an update. Archives of Disease in childhood. 2004;89(8):751-6.

Daoud AS, Batieha A, Abu‐Ekteish F, Gharaibeh N, Ajlouni S, Hijazi S. Iron status: a possible risk factor for the first febrile seizure. Epilepsia. 2002;43(7):740-3.

Wallace RH, Scheffer IE, Barnett S, Richards M, Dibbens L, Desai RR, et al. Neuronal sodium-channel α1-subunit mutations in generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. The American Journal of Human Genetics. 2001;68(4):859-65.

Al-Eissa YA. Febrile seizures: rate and risk factors of recurrence. J Child Neurol. 1995 Jul;10(4):315-9.

Farwell JR, Lee YJ, Hirtz DG, Sulzbacher SI, Ellenberg JH, Nelson KB. Phenobarbital for febrile seizures effects on intelligence and on seizure recurrence. New England J Med. 1990;322(6):364-9.

Uhari M, Rantala H, Vainionpää L, Kurttila R. Effect of acetaminophen and of low intermittent doses of diazepam on prevention of recurrences of febrile seizures. J Pediatr. 1995;126(6):991-5.

Millichap JG, Millichap JJ. Role of viral infections in the etiology of febrile seizures. Pediatric Neurol. 2006;35(3):165-72.

Kumari PL, Nair MK, Nair SM, Kailas L, Geetha S. Iron deficiency as a risk factor for simple febrile seizures-a case control study. Indian Pediatr. 2012;49(1):17-9.

Bidabadi E, Mashouf M. Association between iron deficiency anaemia and first febrile seizure: a case–control study. Seizure. 2009;18(5):347-51.