Risk factors for urinary tract infection in pediatric patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20175583Keywords:
Circumcision, Diaper usage, Risk factors, UTIAbstract
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common infections occurring in children causing significant morbidity and mortality. The knowledge about the risk factors helps in the management as well as preventing the recurrence of urinary tract infection. Hence this study aims to assess the various risk factors and profile of UTI.
Methods:In this prospective case control study conducted in tertiary care centre between July 2011 to August 2012, children with signs and symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection and urine culture positive for UTI were included. Age and sex matched asymptomatic children were taken as control. Preformed questionnaire was given to each patient and the results were analysed.
Results: Among the 214 cases studied, 111 boys were not circumcised constituting 86.7%. Whereas the other risk factors like recent hospitalisation, recent catheterisation, common toilet usage, cleaning perineum from back to front, constipation, usage of tight underclothing, diaper usage, worm infestation, neurological abnormality, voluntary withholding of urine, reduced water intake constitute 9.3%, 0.5%, 19.6%, 17.4%, 18.2%, 0.9%, 7.9%, 26.2%, 3.7%, 33.6% and 34.6% respectively.
Conclusions: Recurrent infection was most often due to unresolved bacteriuria or persistent bacteriuria than reinfection. Signs like supra pubic tenderness and hypertension are very rare. Common organisms causing urinary tract infection in our study population are E. coli followed by Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas. The risk factors of UTI depend on socioeconomic status and cultural habits.
Metrics
References
Robinson JL, Finlay JC, Lang ME, Bortolussi R. Urinary tract infections in infants and children: diagnosis and management. Paediatr Child Health. 2014 Jun;19(6):315-9.
Panaretto K, Craig J, Knight J, Howman-Giles R, Sureshkumar P, Roy L. Risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infection in preschool children. J Paediatr Child Health. 1999 Oct;35(5):454-9.
Fahimzad A, Taherian M, Dalirani R, Shamshiri A. Diaper type as a risk factor in urinary tract infection of children. Iranian J Pediatr. 2010 Mar;20(1):97-100.
Sivaraj P, Pradhan S, Beriha S, Barik R, Tago N, Das L, Mohanty A. Study of risk factors associated with febrile urinary tract infection in children. Sri Lanka J Child Health. 2015 Sep 12;44(3):143-6.
Sharma A, Shrestha S, Upadhyay S, Rijal P. Clinical and bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection in children at Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital. Nepal Med Coll J. 2011 Mar;13(1):24-6.
Malla KK, Sharma MS, Malla T, Thapalial A. Clinical profile bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in UTI in children-hospital based study. J Nepal Paeditr Soc. 2008;28:52-61.
Islam MN, Khaleque MA, Siddika M, Hossain MA. UTI in children in tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J. 2010;19:482-6.
Brkic S, Mustafic S, Nuhbegovic S, Gjuca F, Gavran L. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of UTI in childhood. Med Arh. 2010;64:135-8.
Akram M, Shahid M, Khan AU. Etiology and antibiotic resistence pattern of community acquired UTI in JNMC hospital Aligarh, India. Ann clin Microbial Antimicrob. 2007;6:4.
Mantadakis E, Tsalkidis A, Panopoulou M, Pagkalis S, Tripsianis G, Falagas M et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of pediatric uropathogens in Thrace, Greece. Int Urol Nephrol. 2011 Jun 1;43(2):549-55.
Mazzola BL, Von vigier RO, Marchand S, Tonz M, Bianchetti MG. Behavioural and functional abnormalities linked with recurrent urinary tract infection in girls. J Nephrol. 2003;16(1):133.
Loening-Baucke V. Urinary incontinence and urinary tract infection and their resolution with treatment of chronic constipation of childhood. Pediatrics. 1997;100:228-32.
Koff SA, Wagner TT, Jayanthi VR. The relationship among dysfunctional elimination syndromes, primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infections in children. J Urol. 1998;160:1019-22.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
