A clinico-etiological evaluation and EEG correlation of neonatal seizures in a tertiary care hospital: a prospective cohort study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20201144Keywords:
Birth asphyxia, Electroencephalogram, Neonates, SeizuresAbstract
Background: Neonatal seizure is defined as a paroxysmal alteration in neurological function. The diagnosis of neonatal seizures is difficult to establish because of varied etiologies involved. The incidences vary from 1.5-3.7/1000 live births in term babies.
Methods: Hospital based observational study was conducted from December 1, 2016 till March 31, 2018. Universal sampling technique was followed. 93 neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study after consent from parents.
Results: This study results showed that 60.2% were males. Pre-term delivery occurred in 12.9% neonates. Most common etiology of neonatal seizures was birth asphyxia with 47.3% followed by metabolic abnormalities 32.3%. Abnormal EEG pattern was seen in 29% cases of neonatal seizures.
Conclusions: To conclude, the most common aetiology for neonatal seizures was birth asphyxia followed by metabolic abnormalities in which hypoglycaemia was the most common type. A significant association of seizures due to meningitis and metabolic abnormalities was observed with pre-term gestation while abnormal EEG pattern was observed with birth asphyxia and meningitis. EEG findings were found normal in majority of cases of neonatal seizure.
References
Sankar MJ, Agarwal R, Aggarwal R, Deorari AK, Paul VK. Seizures in the newborn. Ind J Pediatr. 2008 Feb 1;75(2):149-55.
Zupanc ML. Neonatal seizures. Pediatr Clin N Am. 2004;51:961-78.
Volpe JJ. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Biochemical and Physiological Aspects. In: Neurology of the Newborn. 4th Ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000:217-276.
Holmes GL, Khazipov R, Ben-Ari Y. New concepts in neonatal seizures. Neuroreport. 2002 Jan 21;13(1):A3-8.
Moayedi AR, Zakeri S, Moayedi F. Neonatal Seizure: Etiolgy And Type. Iran J Child Neurol. 2008 Feb;2(2):23-6.
Eghbalian F, Monsef A, Taghdiri MM. Neonatal Seizures: Etiology and Frequency. Iran J Child Neurol. 2008;2(2)39-42.
Digra SK, Gupta A. Prevalence of Seizures in Hospitalized Neonates. JK Sci J Med Edu Res. 2007;9:27-9.
Parvin R, Salim AF, Rahman M, Chowdhury K, Sultana A, Ahmed S, et al. Neonatal Seizures: Correlation between Clinico-Etiological Profile and EEG Findings. Banglad J Child Health. 2014 Aug 16;38(1):19-23.
Marzoki JMA. Clinico-Biochemical profile of neonatal seizures. QMJ. 2009;6(10):161-74.
Kumar A, Gupta A, Talukdar B. Clinico-etiological and EEG profile of neonatal seizures. Ind J Pediatr. 2007 Jan 1;74(1):33-7.
Soni A, Sabarawal RK, Amita K. Clinical profile of seizures in neonatal intensive care unit. Manual Abstract XXIII Annu Conven Natio Neonatol Forum. 2003;43:109-10.
Ronen GM, Penney S, Andrews W. The epidemiology of clinical neonatal seizures in Newfoundland: a population-based study. J Pediatr. 1999 Jan 1;134(1):71-5.
Brunquell PJ, Glennon CM, DiMario Jr FJ, Lerer T, Eisenfeld L. Prediction of outcome based on clinical seizure type in newborn infants. J Pediatr. 2002 Jun 1;140(6):707-12.
Mahaveer L, Vilhekar KY, Chaturvedi P. Clinico-biochemical profile of neonatal seizures in a rural medical college. In: Fernandez AIH, Dadhich JPP, Saluja YS, Eds, Abstracts, XXIII Annual Convention of National Neonatology Fornum, Dec. 18-21, 2003; Hydrabad. 2003:121-122.
Rose AL, Lombroso CT. Neonatal seizure states: A study of clinical, pathological, and electroencephalographic features in 137 full-term babies with a long-term follow-up. Pediatrics. 1970 Mar 1;45(3):404-25.
Mizrahi EM, Kellaway P. Characterization and classification of neonatal seizures. Neurol. 1987 Dec 1;37(12):1837.
