Neonatal umbilical myiasis

Authors

  • Rakesh Kotha Department of Neonatology, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Paramesh Pandala Department of Pediatrics, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Himabindu Singh Department of Neonatology, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • B. Swetha Reddy Department of Pediatrics, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • S. Tejaswi Reddy Department of Pediatrics, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • Mahesh Rathod Department of Pediatrics, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
  • E. P. Rhajkumar Department of Pediatrics, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190004

Keywords:

Myiasis, Neonate, Umbilicus

Abstract

Infestation is a state of being invaded or overrun by parasites. Myiasis is an infestation caused by dipterous fly. Even though human myiasis is a rare infestation particularly in newborn period unlike animal myiasis as neonate is just newly introduced to the environment and during this period neonate usually more protected and taken care by us. In rural areas of tropical countries where good hygiene conditions will not be there, authors are still identifying these cases. Risk factors for myiasis usually poor socioeconomic conditions and unhygienic environment. Finding cases of umbilical myiasis usually indicates poor environmental sanitary measures at that particular place. Here authors are presenting a case of neonatal umbilical myiasis caused by Chrysomya megacephala. These flies usually lay their eggs over the wounds or moisture dead necrotic tissues unlike other species of flies where they usually lay eggs over the animal fecus. But some other free-living flies(saprophagous) also cause myiasis due to accidental laying of eggs over dead necrotic tissues due to open defecation. In present case authors identified myiasis as early as third completed day of life, means infestation occurred at the time of delivery as incubation period for hatching eggs to larvae usually 4-8 days. These larvae able to survive inside deep tissue by breathing through a small hole. Even though myiasis usually have good prognosis it will become a focus for secondary infections. If deep-seated causes severe morbidity and even in extreme cases causes death also. Diagnosis is mainly clinical, authors can identify the species by microscopic examination of third stage larvae and finding age of the larvae also useful in identifying time of infestation. Treatments usually direct removal of larvae from the site by manipulation, irrigation, suffocation by ether and surgery if deep-seated. As they usually create nadir for infection by bacteria ruling out secondary infection and treatment is necessary. It is better to take preventive strategies like birthplace cleanliness and environmental sanitation. Tracking the case helpful in finding the places where authors need to improve sanitary measures it is better to give feedback to appropriate administrative officers to prevent home deliveries.

References

Hope FW. On insect and their larvae occasionally found in human body. Trans R Ent Soc. 1840;2:256-71.

Yadav SK, Shrestha S, Sah AK. Extensive myiasis infestation over a malignant lesion in maxillofacial region: Report of cases. Int J Pharm Biol Arch. 2012;3:530-3.

Rao KB, Prasad S. Oral myiasis: A case report. Ann Essences Dent. 2010;2:204-7.

James MT. The flies that cause myiasis in man. US Depart Agricult; 1947.

Zumpt F. Myiasis in man and animals in the Old World. A textbook for physicians, veterinarians and zoologist. 1965.

Fernandes LF, Pimenta FC, Fernandes FF. First report of human myiasis in Goiás state, Brazil: frequency of different types of myiasis, their various etiological agents, and associated factors. J Parasitol. 2009;95(1):32-8.

Ghosh T, Nayek K, Ghosh N, Ghosh MK. Umbilical myiasis in newborn. Indian Pediatr. 2011;48(4).

Duro EA, Mariluis JC, Mulieri PR. Umbilical myiasis in a human newborn. J Perinatol. 2007;27(4):250.

Ghosh T, Nayek K, Ghosh N, Ghosh MK. Umbilical myiasis in newborn. Indian Pediatr. 2011;48:321-3.

Patra S, Purkait R, Basu R, Konar MC, Sarkar D. Umbilical myiasis associated with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis in a neonate. J Clinical Neonatol. 2012;1(1):42.

Ambey R, Singh A. Umbilical myiasis in a healthy newborn. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2012;32:56-8.

Koh TH. Neonatal myiasis: a case report and a role of the Internet. J Perinatol. 1999;19(7):528.

Beeregowda YC, Kiran B, Gowda NY. Retracted article: Neonatal Umbilical Myiasis with Sepsis. Indian J Pediatr. 2010;77(12):1443-5.

Cook GC, Zumla A. Manson's tropical disease. 21st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders (ELST). Medical Acarology and Entomology; 2003:1727-1732.

Downloads

Published

2019-02-23

Issue

Section

Case Reports